Greenland
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{{GreenText|Add any cruising recommendations. If not applicable delete this section.}} | {{GreenText|Add any cruising recommendations. If not applicable delete this section.}} | ||
| - | ==Climate | + | == '''Climate in Greenland''' == |
| - | + | ||
| + | The world's largest island is 2.2 million square kilometers and spans over nearly 24 latitudes from north to south. 80 percent is covered by a massive, continuous and slightly convex ice sheet, the so-called inland ice. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The remaining fifth of the island is home to the country's flora and fauna, and this is where people live - on the brink of the ice age, so to speak - primarily in coastal areas that grant access to open water. | ||
| + | |||
| + | It is, however, the country's northern location and the surrounding cold and icy sea that all contribute to the cold climate. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Climate in Greenland varies greatly, but since it is primarily arctic, no forest can exist in the area. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Especially the northern part of the island is linked closely to the North American continent only separated by a narrow and icy sea. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Southern Greenland, on the other hand, is situated between the continent to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | == Temperature == | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | Summer temperatures at both the west and east coast of Greenland differs only a few degrees when moving from north to south - quite astonishing when considering the total distance of approx. 2,600 km. The reason for this is the midnight sun of northern Greenland in summer. On the other hand, winter darkness and the absence of warm sea currents mean that the length of winter differs considerably from north to south. | ||
| + | |||
| + | There are also significant differences in temperatures from the outer coasts to the fjords in inner coastal areas. In summer, drift ice and cold water along the coast result in warmer fjords. In winter, the situation is reversed. The position close to open sea means that coastal areas are warmer. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Foehn wind can disturb this picture in winter. Foehn winds are very common in Greenland. In winter, the warm and dry winds can cause temperatures to rise by 30°C in a relatively short time causing snow and ice to melt. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The warmest temperature recorded in Greenland since 1958 was 25.9°C in July 2013 in Manitsoq at the West Greenland coast. The coldest place in Greenland is the ice cap where temperatures are likely to fall below -70°C. In the 1950’s, a British research station measured -70°C and a DMI station measured below -63°C at Summit in the middle of the ice cap. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Apart from the ice cap, the coldest stations in Greenland are Hall Land and Cape Morris Jesup on the north coast with average mean temperatures of -19.6°C and -18°C, respectively. In January 1989, the lowest measured temperature at Hall Land was -52.1°C - possibly even lower as this type of station does not measure absolute minimum temperatures. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Over the past 130 years, temperatures in Greenland have shown a slight upward trend. Seen in a shorter time perspective, and apart from the warm decades of the 1930’s and 1940’s, temperatures have been decreasing. This trend is primarily observed on the west coast that not until recent years started showing an increasing trend. | ||
| + | |||
| + | On the east coast, a rising trend has been seen since the mid 1970’s. Current temperature level is now among the highest in the series. 2001-2010 was the warmest decade among all series. In 2010, record high annual temperatures were observed several places across Greenland. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In combined temperature series from southwest Greenland from the period 1784-2005, the 1930’s and 1940’s were the warmest decades and the 1810’s the coldest - not least due to unidentified large volcanic eruptions in 1809 and the Tambora eruption in 1815. | ||
{{GreenText|Sources of weather forecasting here.}} | {{GreenText|Sources of weather forecasting here.}} | ||
| - | * | + | * http://www.dmi.dk/en/groenland/ |
| - | * | + | * http://www.asiaq.gl/vejr/#/table |
==Charts== | ==Charts== | ||
Revision as of 11:29, 15 April 2016
Greenland Cruising Guide
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An online cruising guide for yachts sailing to Greenland.
| Greenland
| |
 Map | |
 Flag | |
| Capital | Nuuk (Godthåb) |
|---|---|
| Language | Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) |
| Currency | Danish Krone (DKK) |
| Time zone | UTC+0 to UTC-4 |
| Calling code | ? |
Add here any background, cruising, and historical comments.
Cruising the region
Add any cruising recommendations. If not applicable delete this section.
Climate in Greenland
The world's largest island is 2.2 million square kilometers and spans over nearly 24 latitudes from north to south. 80 percent is covered by a massive, continuous and slightly convex ice sheet, the so-called inland ice.
The remaining fifth of the island is home to the country's flora and fauna, and this is where people live - on the brink of the ice age, so to speak - primarily in coastal areas that grant access to open water.
It is, however, the country's northern location and the surrounding cold and icy sea that all contribute to the cold climate.
Climate in Greenland varies greatly, but since it is primarily arctic, no forest can exist in the area.
Especially the northern part of the island is linked closely to the North American continent only separated by a narrow and icy sea.
Southern Greenland, on the other hand, is situated between the continent to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east.
Temperature
Summer temperatures at both the west and east coast of Greenland differs only a few degrees when moving from north to south - quite astonishing when considering the total distance of approx. 2,600 km. The reason for this is the midnight sun of northern Greenland in summer. On the other hand, winter darkness and the absence of warm sea currents mean that the length of winter differs considerably from north to south.
There are also significant differences in temperatures from the outer coasts to the fjords in inner coastal areas. In summer, drift ice and cold water along the coast result in warmer fjords. In winter, the situation is reversed. The position close to open sea means that coastal areas are warmer.
The Foehn wind can disturb this picture in winter. Foehn winds are very common in Greenland. In winter, the warm and dry winds can cause temperatures to rise by 30°C in a relatively short time causing snow and ice to melt.
The warmest temperature recorded in Greenland since 1958 was 25.9°C in July 2013 in Manitsoq at the West Greenland coast. The coldest place in Greenland is the ice cap where temperatures are likely to fall below -70°C. In the 1950’s, a British research station measured -70°C and a DMI station measured below -63°C at Summit in the middle of the ice cap.
Apart from the ice cap, the coldest stations in Greenland are Hall Land and Cape Morris Jesup on the north coast with average mean temperatures of -19.6°C and -18°C, respectively. In January 1989, the lowest measured temperature at Hall Land was -52.1°C - possibly even lower as this type of station does not measure absolute minimum temperatures.
Over the past 130 years, temperatures in Greenland have shown a slight upward trend. Seen in a shorter time perspective, and apart from the warm decades of the 1930’s and 1940’s, temperatures have been decreasing. This trend is primarily observed on the west coast that not until recent years started showing an increasing trend.
On the east coast, a rising trend has been seen since the mid 1970’s. Current temperature level is now among the highest in the series. 2001-2010 was the warmest decade among all series. In 2010, record high annual temperatures were observed several places across Greenland.
In combined temperature series from southwest Greenland from the period 1784-2005, the 1930’s and 1940’s were the warmest decades and the 1810’s the coldest - not least due to unidentified large volcanic eruptions in 1809 and the Tambora eruption in 1815.
Sources of weather forecasting here.
Charts
- Source
- Chart Number - Chart Name
- Chart Number - Chart Name
- Source
- Chart Number - Chart Name
Any navigation notes here. If this section does not apply remove it.
Local Radio Nets
Also see World Cruiser's Nets.
Arrival/Departure procedures
Arrival
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Departure
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Customs and Immigration
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Immigration
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Fees and Charges
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Health and Security
Health
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Ports & Popular Stops
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Ports
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Marinas & Yacht Clubs
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Anchorages
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Offshore Islands
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Transportation
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Routes/Passages To/From
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Cruiser's Friends
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External Links
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References & Publications
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{{Reference|Rod Heikel|Greek Waters Pilot Imray||Laurie and Wilson, Cambridgeshire|9780852889718}}, expands to - Rod Heikell, Greek Waters Pilot Imray, Laurie and Wilson, Cambridgeshire, ISBN 9780852889718
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See also Denmark.
Comments
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Names: Lighthouse, Haiqu |
